1 ． Shrinkage of fabric
Shrinkage of fabric It refers to the percentage of fabric shrinkage after washing or soaking in water. Generally speaking, the fabrics with the smallest shrinkage rate are synthetic fibers and their blended fabrics, followed by wool fabrics and linen fabrics. Cotton fabrics are in the middle and have larger shrinkage, while the largest ones are viscose fiber, artificial cotton, and artificial wool fabrics.
Shrinkage of general fabrics Rate:
Cotton 4%- -10%; chemical fiber 4%–8%; cotton and polyester 3.5%–55%; natural white cloth is 3%; wool blue cloth is 3-4%; poplin is 3-4.5%; floral cloth is 3 -3.5%; khaki gabardine is 4-5.5; twill is 4%; gusset is 3-4%; denim is 10%; rayon is 10%.
2 . Factors causing fabric shrinkage:
① Fabric raw materials Different, the shrinkage rate is different. Generally speaking, fibers with high hygroscopicity will expand when soaked in water, increase in diameter, shorten in length, and have a large shrinkage rate. For example, the water absorption rate of some viscose fibers is as high as 13%, while synthetic fiber fabrics have poor hygroscopicity and their shrinkage rate is small.
② Density of fabric Different, the shrinkage rate is also different. If the longitudinal and latitudinal densities are similar, the longitudinal and latitudinal shrinkage rates are also similar. Fabrics with a higher warp density will shrink more in the warp direction; conversely, fabrics with a higher weft density than warp density will shrink more in the weft direction.
③ Fabric yarn count Different thicknesses have different shrinkage rates. Fabrics with a thicker yarn count will have a greater shrinkage rate, while fabrics with a finer yarn count will have a smaller shrinkage rate.
④ Different fabric production processes have different shrinkage rates. Generally speaking, during the weaving, dyeing and finishing process of fabrics, the fibers have to be stretched many times, and the processing time is long. The shrinkage of fabrics with greater tension will be greater, and vice versa.
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